Monday, December 30, 2019

Positive And Negative Decisions In Arthur Millers The...

In the book, The Crucible, Arthur Miller writes about the Salem witch trials in the town of Salem in 1692. The plot of this story revolves around a group of girls who obtain all of the power, and are the main accusers of those who have committed witchcraft. This story shows how important choices are, because the people who were tried in court had the decision of making a false confession or to be hanged. These are vital choices, and how one responded is very important. Miller suggests that positive or negative decisions will influence one’s character, to the extent that they will establish positive or negative attributes. Miller Suggests that those who make negative decisions, develop negative characteristics. Abigail Williams, Thomas†¦show more content†¦You drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor!† (18). This, again, shows how Miller suggests the negative decisions one makes, builds them into negative people. Additionally, Thomas Putnam and Reverend Parris are defined by the unfavorable choices they makes because they grow into negative attributes. Putnam is greedy for land and believes his fathers land was taken from him unwillingly. Because of his greedy decisions over land, Putnam is known in the town of Salem as a selfish and greedy person. He creates arguments over land and believes he should acquire all land because of his wealth in the town. Putnam says to Proctor, â€Å"You load one oak of mine and you’ll fight to drag it home† (30). He fights with Proctor about wood, just proving how badly he wants land. Also, during the trials, Giles Corey states, â€Å"Thomas Put nam is reaching out for land!† (78). Hence, showing how Putnam is a greedy person as a result of his negative choices. Reverend Parris is known for his greediness as well in the town, for all he cares about are objects. Proctor, a well respected man in the town, claims, â€Å"But Parris came, and for twenty week he preach nothing’ but golden candlesticks until he had them...I tell you true, when I look to heaven and see my money glaring at his elbows-- it hurt my prayer...† (62). From this we learn how Parris’s negative actions and choices are what compose him of greed. For these reasons, it is shown howShow MoreRelatedLies and Deceit1501 Words   |  7 PagesKatie Kirk Mrs. Addington AP Lang 1 12 October 2010 The Many Lies in Salem Arthur Miller’s The Crucible is a tragic play set in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts, where Miller uses the Salem Trials as a metaphor for the 1950s McCarthy hearings. In Salem, people value their good names. The Puritan community acts as a theocracy in which there appears to be no right to privacy, and people must conform to a strict moral code. The theme of reputation, lying, and deceit are shown in Abigail, John Proctor,Read MoreThe Paradoxical Nature of Belonging Depicted in Arthur Millers The Crucible1318 Words   |  6 PagesIn Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, we are positioned to see belonging as paradoxical, in that the positive, human quality of belonging inevitably carries with it the negative and dangerous corollary of exclusion. By belonging, we are automatically excluding others and excluding ourselves from other groups. The Crucible achieves this complex presentation of belonging through a variety of interconnected techniques which will be explored in this ess ay. These techniques may be categorized into four mainRead MoreThe Cold War And The Cuban Missile Crisis2976 Words   |  12 PagesActivities Committee each year. In 1956, the House Un-American Activities Committee convicted one man (of many) for being ‘communist’. That man’s name was Arthur Miller: acclaimed playwright and author. It would be an understatement to say that Miller did not take the false accusation lightly in any manner whatsoever. The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, is a riveting four-act play describing a witchcraft hysteria spreading throughout the small town of Salem, Massachusetts and the specific role eachRead MoreFilm Star Wars : Episode I - The Phantom Menace1505 Words   |  7 PagesSalem, Massachusetts, this means that if one focuses on witches and witchcraft, their reality will then become witches and witchcraft. This is exactly what happened during the Salem Witch Trials during the late 1690’s, as immortalized in Arthur Miller’s The Crucible. The small Puritan colony became so engrossed with fear of the Christian Devilâ„ ¢ that they began to suspect their own neighbors, and a select few individuals began using that fear for their own personal benefit, accusing their neighborsRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1899 Words   |  8 Pagesthe McCarthy trials during the Red Scare. Arthur Miller delved deeply into this topic in his famous play, The Crucible, in which he compared the Salem Witch Trials to the McCarthy trials as a comment on the self-preserving, rash, and gullible nature of human beings, in order to open the audience’s eyes to the error of their ways. He wanted them to see the negative consequences of the Red Scare so they would put an end to it. Before understanding Miller’s conviction towards the nature of human beingsRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1900 Words   |  8 Pagesthe McCarthy trials during the Red Scare. Arthur Miller delved deeply into this topic in his famous play, The Crucible, in which he compared the Salem Witch Trials to the McCarthy trials as a comment on the self-preserving, rash, and gullible nature of human beings in order to open the audience’s eyes to the error of their ways. He wanted them to see the negative consequences of the Red Scare so they would put an end to it. Before understanding Miller’s conviction towards the nature of human beingsRead MorePrinciples Of Life : The Crucible And The Life You Save May Be Your Own1951 Words   |  8 Pageswithout fear. Such quality is demonstrated throughout the entirety of Arthur Miller s, The Crucible, as Miller emphasizes that even the most kind-hearted people, could commit ruinous acts when involved with false accusations/hysteria. A complete contradiction is present in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own† due to the lack of integrity and fear protagonist, Tom Shiftlet possesses. Throughout The Crucible and â€Å"The Life You Save May Be Your Own†, motifs of integrity, fear andRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pageseffects, innovation might not have taken place at all. All this business growth has caused increasing complexity in business action and decision making. It has presented chief execut ive officers (CEOs) and management leaders in all markets and industries with new intricacies in deciding how to weigh and time the business decisions—and the quality of those decisions—that increasingly challenge their companies’ basic survival. W HICH FACTORS HAVE DRIVEN 3 4 Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum: The

Sunday, December 22, 2019

The Effects of Stereotype Threat and Self-Esteem on Task...

There have been many studies on stereotype threat and self-esteem and their negative effects on task performance. These studies have focused primarily on minorities such as women, blacks, Latinos and Asians and have found that stereotype threat and self-esteem have influenced negatively in task performance. Steele (1997) investigated how self-esteem and stereotype threat affects task performance and has found that most of task failures have to do with the individual social environment. For instance, a study was conducted in which black students completed a difficult task with either a black or white experimenter. The task was described as intelligent test (Steele Aronson, 1995). When the experimenter was white, the student performed more†¦show more content†¦Self esteem can bring positive or negative outcomes when it comes to task performance. Thus, people with greater levels of self-esteem and no stereotype presence build on personal strengths to succeed, whereas people wi th lower levels of self-esteem and stereotype presence attempt to deal with their flaws to be accepted (Baumeister Tice, 1985; Brown Dutton, 1995). Therefore, we wish to determine whether stereotype threat effects could be reduced or eliminated by activating self-esteem. We hypothesized that by directly addressing the need to maintain a sense of self-worth through affirming a valued characteristic that is not under threat, we would reduce or eliminated the impact of the stereotype threat, allowing people to feel more confident to deal with the situation and perform better. Stereotype Threat In general terms, stereotype threat is being at risk of confirming, as self-characteristic, a negative stereotype about one’s group (Steele, 1997). â€Å"The existence of such a stereotype means that anything that one does or any of one’s features that conform to it make the stereotype more reasonable as a self- characterization in the eyes of others, and perhaps even in one’s own eyes† (Steele, 1992). People are stereotyped according to their group. A group can be identified by race, gender, ethnicity, age, religion among others. StereotypesShow MoreRelatedThe Effect of Self-Esteem and Stereotype on Task Performance4039 Words   |  17 Pagesstudies done on task performance that have indicated that many factors can affect task performance. In this study, we are going to focus on how self-esteem and stereotype threat affect task performance. This topic is very important to study because it will help us understand about how our performan ce is affected by self-esteem and stereotype threat. At some point in our lives our performance is been measured, in daily activities as job, school and in sport. When one measures task performance, people shouldRead More Objectification Theory Essays1736 Words   |  7 Pagesextremely hard, if not impossible, to emulate. Comparing themselves to these women can lead to feelings of inadequacy, depression, and an overall low self-esteem. (Expand on, need a good opening paragraph to grab the reader’s attention) Objectification Theory Objectification theory has been proposed as a standard for understanding the effects of living in a culture that sexually objectifies women (Fredrickson Roberts, 1997). Objectification occurs when a person’s body is treated like a separateRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of African American Students Essay1148 Words   |  5 PagesStereotypes can be defined as schemas applied to a group of people sharing common physical, biological or racial characteristics. Focusing on education, African American students had consistently been negatively stereotyped about their intellectual abilities. Research indicates that racial stereotypes negatively affect African American students’ academic performance. This correlation, though, is clearest among salient African American students, implying that psychological factors may result fromRead MoreThe Psychological Differences between Men and Women in Sports1565 Words   |  7 Pagespsychologically different in many ways. Some of t hese differences include competitiveness, goal orientation, self-confidence, motivation, mental toughness, incentives, preferences, etc. According to Anne Bowker in Sports Participation and Self-Esteem, Men have an advantage over women in sports because theyre more aggressive and have higher self-esteem (2003). There has always been that stereotype of boys being more athletic than girls. The gender segregation of sports reflects more than just physicalRead MoreStereotype Threat And Its Effect On A Persons Well Being2952 Words   |  12 Pages Stereotype Threat and its effect on a persons well being Jessica Guzman Chaffey Community College Professor Barbari Psych 80 The idea of not performing adequately on a task is something that many people can relate too. This uncomfortable feeling can be experienced throughout many different situations. Previous research suggests that stereotypes on how people are perceived to act or perform can hinder their thought processes and impact their overall performance. This is referredRead MoreA Research Study About The Stereotype Threat Effect On African- American College Students833 Words   |  4 PagesFurthermore, sports can serve as a tool to build and boost confidence. In a research study about the stereotype threat effect on African- American college students it showed that students either respond to the stereotype threat with a performance reduction or with disidentification and concentration on activities in which they are already successful (Aronson, Fried, Good, 2000). Based on the findings of DeMeulenaere’s study on four individuals over a timespan of two years, students tend to be moreRead M oreRacism, Racism And White Supremacy1178 Words   |  5 Pagesof safety. While it may be grueling and exhausting, change is essential when a problem needs to be battled head-on. As a society, we need to change the way racial inequalities have been set up and the way we go about our lives. Racism has a large effect on minorities nationwide daily, and it can often go unnoticed or be incorrectly identified. But what truly is racism in America, today? Racism is still an extremely prevalent subject in today’s society, based on specific phenomena that affects blackRead MoreThe Effects of Athletics on Student Performance Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesapproximately 55% of students participate in extracurricular sports activities. (Koebler, Jason. High School Sports Participation Increases for 22nd Straight Year. US News. U.S.News World Report, 02 Sept. 2011. Web. 03 Dec. 2013.) Academic performance, popularity, and physical fitness are all directly affected by involvement in ath letics. Overall, and contrary to popular belief, those students who participate in athletic activities often have higher physical, mental and emotional abilities thanRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Cheat Sheet3987 Words   |  16 Pageschain of command,detailed rules,high spec.,central power,selection\promotion based on competence.Hawthorne-how psychological affect productivity.HumanRelationsMovement(critique)-stric spec is incompatible with human needs,fail of creativity,min. performance(impesron.rules),lose sight of overall goal.Contingency Approach-no best way to manage,depends on situation.MANAGERIAL ROLES:interpersonal(expected behaviours that have to do with establ/maintaining interpersonal relations:figurehead,leadership,liaison(horizRead MoreSocial Psychology: Bringing It All Together Essay3853 Words   |  16 Pagestopics. Social psychologists study a variety of topics, including views of the self, persuasion, attraction, and group processes. Researchers study all aspects of social psychology and in some cases enlist the help of a â€Å"confederate†, someone who appears to be a naà ¯ve part of the experiment. The confederate ensures that the experiment is going as planned. A part of social psychology is developing a sense of self. As human beings, we like organization and patterns. We naturally categorize

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Why We Crave Horror Movies Free Essays

Why do we crave horror movies? Stephen king was asked this same question in an interview that was published in a Playboy magazine in 1981. King replied â€Å"we are all mentally ill† (1) and â€Å"to show we can†(3). King expressed his views on both sides stating that we all are guilty of acting mentally ill, and that we all simply enjoy watching horrifying movies. We will write a custom essay sample on Why We Crave Horror Movies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Both of these statements are true, but not necessarily accurate. King did not take in consideration human error or opinion, which creates flaws within his statements. I can agree and disagree with King on both accounts, but the pure and simple enjoyment is why we crave horror films. Are we all insane? This is where I have a disagreement. Yes, almost everyone does something strange while they think no one is watching, as King stated, or abnormal phobias that are deemed weird to others. I do not believe either of these should have the power to label us as demented. Another flaw in his insane theory is the two degrees of insanity that he mentions are the extremes of both. Being compared to Jack the Ripper or the Cleveland Torso Murderer is like saying that we have a murderous nature. King also states that talking to oneself under stress is a form of hysteria. I have yet to meet a person that does not talk to himself under stress. Talking aloud simply helps organize a cluttered brain, and the majority of people are guilty of it at one point or another. He also claims that nose picking is a sign of madness. Although it is not socially acceptable, I have a very hard time deeming the action as insane. Absurdity allows a place for us to place blame. If we cannot agree with the actions or thoughts of another person, then we make the accusation that he has a complex. Craziness is measured in degrees, but the strength of the degree is in the hands of the accuser. Delirium is a plea we all will take if our thoughts become corrupted due to alarming films. There again is a place for us to lay the blame. Insanity, I believe, is too vague because opinion is too influential. On the other hand, I can sympathize with the author when he states that we watch such conflicting motion pictures to prove that we are not afraid, either to ourselves, or to another. The logic behind this theory is to prove how macho we are. We go see the scary feature of the month with either an old friend or someone we wish to impress to show that we can watch the whole film without closing our eyes. We watch atrocious movies to feed our fear. We know while watching the production that it is fiction, but we still can’t help but jump at the slightest loud noise. We crave the reaction and adrenaline rush that such productions give to us. King says that we watch to â€Å"re-establish our feelings of essential normality†(4), I can agree with this statement. Our minds are allowed to wonder to places that would originally be considered criminal or unethical. We are more likely to feel pathos toward a maimed or tortured person in a terror picture if they have been playing the antagonist, than if we witnessed the same actions against the protagonist of the film. As King also stated, we are willing to pay money to go sit in a theater to entice our nightmares. As humans we like to rationalize our actions. For us to go watch a horror flick, we have to be able to finish the entirety of it, so we can rest with ease knowing that it came to an end. Stephen King’s view on both derangement and self accomplishment can be argued or sympathized. The insanity approach can be agreeable by the fact that people are crazy in their own way, it does not have to be stereotypical of how they are deemed fatuous, it is just so. The same statement can be argued for the fact that some people believe that only certain actions can deem you as insane, and those actions are not socially acceptable. The self accomplishment approach is agreeable because most everyone is proud to admit that they sat through a horror film, or they did not jump at the scariest scene. Whatever the reason may be, people like to brag when it comes to overcoming a fear. This approach can be argued that people who watch horror films watch only to feed their demented imagination and self accomplishment plays no part. There are numerous reasons as to why we watch horror movies, or even what makes us crave them. Scary movies are attention grabbers. They are designed and advertised for the gruesome effects and the story line. The more the outline presses the morals and ethics of normalcy, the more we are intrigued by it. There is a certain balance that must be maintained throughout a horror movie. If a production is scripted with nothing but blood and guts and no development, the audience will be too disgusted and not challenged enough intellectually, to want to continue. The same goes for the story line, if the plot is great but the effects throughout the scenes don’t match, the audience will give a bad review. For a horror movie to really last with the crowd, the scenes, plot, and amount of goriness must all be at an even level to balance the other out. King states that we are far from true ugliness in such enticing films, and he is right. Specific films have to be creatively scripted, and artfully set. The film may not be as beautiful as a ballet or broad way show, but it they are nowhere near the massacre of what they could be. To reiterate, are we all mentally ill? I think not. But dare to argue your own perspective. Like I said previously, degrees of mental illness are influenced by opinion, and opinion is what runs society. Horror films are common nightmares that allow us to relate with another no matter what physical or mental differences we may have. To feel self accomplishment from watching a nightmare in almost realistic form is a natural stimulant that can improve the image we have of ourselves. The thought of knowing that we have overcome such a small step as to watching a horror movie gives us the strength to want to try to overcome other fears we may have. In essence, watching a terrifying feature does not categorize you as mentally ill, nor does it assume you simply enjoy the film. Both of these are forms of opinion from which are accurate to the beholder. So, whether you are mentally sick, or proving you can watch your nightmare, remember your own perspective of the situation and chose your own category. How to cite Why We Crave Horror Movies, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Influence of Power and Politics on ICJ †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Influence of Power and Politics on ICJ. Answer: Influence of power and politics on ICJ. In world affairs, International Criminal Justice has turned out to be a gradually significant aspect. The International Criminal tribunals have conducted trials of heads of state of eight countries during the past two decades. This field of international law deals with trials of organizers of abuse of human rights and crucial crimes of war. The purpose of ICJ is to decide disputes which can be submitted to a court and then the justice principles that are expressed in rules of law can be used to determine those disputes. The International Criminal Justice however faced challenges. The connection between politics and law has led to many judicial process of selection being politicized and also the political actors intrude in the legal process (Bosco 2013). There has been criticism on strong states impacting the international judicial institutions by either opting out of their jurisdiction if the rule does not favor them or by openly shaping the courts configuration by themselves. This act renders the rule irrelevant or warped. Also, the argument that tribunals and international courts are self-perpetuating rigid institutions pursuing to apply a solution that is legal and pursue expansion of their influence and power, to an extent of foregoing the achievement of their underlying goals is also a criticism. A global legal network that does not contain accountability, government structure and enforcement cannot evade various problems. In addition, courts are not used responsibly or competently by the states but rather the impending work of the court is interfered with for political reasons (Crawford 2007). It is acknowledged, in international courts and tribunals there is a relationship between law and politics. However, this causes one party to be misguided. Courts should be strong to make judgments without any influence. References Bosco, D. (2013).Rough justice: The International Criminal Court in a world of power politics. Oxford University Press. Crawford, J., Grant, T. (2007). International Court of Justice. InThe Oxford Handbook on the United Nations.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Witnessing events in History an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Witnessing events in History I would want to witness historical events particularly World War I and II because I believe that the current state of the world we live in today is a result of many historical events. The way things are now is attributable to the fact that things have changed and past events greatly contributed to that. Historical events often crowd our textbooks, magazines, television programs and even the World Wide Web. This is strongly an indication that the value of past events has not wavered. Continued references to history all the more emphasize the role it plays in the present times. Need essay sample on "Witnessing events in History" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Frequently Tell EssayLab specialists: How much do I have to pay someone to make my assignment online? Specialists propose: Essaylab.Com Offers A Top-Quality Academic Essay University Essay Writing Service Get Paid To Write Essays For Students Best Essay Writing Service University Essay Writing Service If I were to witness an historical event, it would be World War I and World War II because it depicts the true human conditions in the past. This is evident in the way Political figures, heads of states and even ordinary people talk about historical events as if they were there and witnessed it themselves. The passion to which these people express the importance of something they have not experienced first hand is very amusing. For some who were fortunate enough to have survived historys greatest challenges to mankind, and lived to tell the tale for all to hear, it is a privilege to impart such experience and wisdom. This all the more strengthens the conviction that, more than being a necessity, it is a duty to preserve historys greatest collection of unprecedented heroic acts and human suffering that has been surpassed by many brave souls. Looking back, it makes great sense to appreciate every bit of detail the mind can store regarding historical events. Witnessing such events would be more than a privilege. It can be likened to a badge of honor. Knowing that to be part of something remarkable is truly overwhelming. World War I began on August 1914. Following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, chaos erupted, the spark that catapulted the first of the centurys two great wars. Bound by the chains of interlocking alliances and driven by a military that focused on battleships, governments around the world sent troops for battle. At first, America was an isolationist. But being drawn into war by the German submarine, causing 128 American lives, congress declared war in April 1917. By the spring of 1918, a million U.S. troops were engaged in battle. Their presence was strongly felt and the impact of that strong presence helped bring the exhausted German Side to the Peace table. I would want to witness this event because knowing that the United States of America somehow played a relevant role in initiating the peace talks, make it all the more worthwhile to be able to witness such event. Linking it to the present times, the active presence of the United States in promoting democracy and protecting the idea of human rights and equal opportunity for all makes more sense when co-related to past historical events. To witness this event adds up to the fact that the United States role in the International Community as a big brother to other nations is historically precedent. December 7, 1941 was a very tragic day for the United States. It was the day when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor causing tremendous grief to American people. The Japanese having the element of surprise and using it to their advantage, declared war on the unsuspecting U.S Pacific fleet, much like what they did on the Russo-Japanese war of 1904. It was a day which, according to President Roosevelt a date that will live in infamy, and thus, the U.S declared war with Japan. The reason why witnessing World War I and World War II is relevant, is because of the fact that it is the reason why we adhere to democracy right now. Having experienced the harsh effects of war has made people from all countries to regard life with more value. If I witness how devastating it can be, I will surely understand what made our forefathers to think that war will do no one any good. That is why it led to the creation of the United Nations and followed by establishment of various treaties among countries to ensure that peace restored will never be shattered by mans hatred. History has thought mankind to value each waking moment and to learn how to respect other countries sovereignty. Imposing on any country will do no good. Another reason why I want to witness the two world wars is desirable is because of the fact it has contributed to our very existence today. The wars have affirmed that mankind can withstand tests of time if so desired. Living and co-existing with one another is much more acceptable rather than have particular country gain dominance. The equality exercised by countries today is proof that the aftermath of world war is too devastating to entertain the possibility of it ever occurring again. As much as possible, policies among international communities seeks to safeguard one another from engaging in armed attacks that would absolutely force other members of the family of nations to take sides. There is no more need for that now, since putting premium on democratic means is recognized. Witnessing how the Americans played a vital role in history is reason enough to want to witness it first hand. Aside from the fact that it creates nostalgic effect of heroism, chivalry and courage, history always presented itself as something from the past that definitely created links to the present and future. References: Singer, David and Small, Melvin (1972). The Wages of War, 1816-1965, New York: Wiley, 1972, p. 48. Deutsch, Karl (1977). The Analysis of International Relations, 2nd edition, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Forrester, Jay (1971). World Dynamics, Cambridge, MA: Wright-Allen.

Monday, November 25, 2019

The role of Gandhi in the development of Indian nationalism Essay Example

The role of Gandhi in the development of Indian nationalism Essay Example The role of Gandhi in the development of Indian nationalism Paper The role of Gandhi in the development of Indian nationalism Paper Gandhi is a renowned world figure famous for his works in Indian nationalism. It was his aim to free the Indian Nation from the grips of the British imperial rule. Unlike, other famous nationalist freedom fighter of our time Gandhi was particularly known for his religious and non-violent approaches to nationalism. Being a lawyer by career he spent his early years working in the field of law but after working for rights campaigns he built up a strong sense of morals and objectives, this linked with his strict religious ideals turned him into a public figure and stirred him towards politics in later life. So much of a public man he became in was imprisoned by the British rulers three times during his life for various reasons relating to his nationalist movement. Gandhi was a man respected by all parties involved in India for his works and indeed the way he went about them. His ultimate goal was indeed achieved in 1947 with the bill of Indian Independence being past. It was not exactly how he envisaged it with the partition of India and the birth of Pakistan also emerging which were issues Gandhi worked to prevent. Mohandas K. Gandhi was born in 1869 in Western Indian in the state of Gujarat. He was born into a Hindu family and went on to have an arranged marriage at the age of thirteen to his wife Kasturbai Makanji. Gandhi was sent to London in 1888 an exile to study Law as the wish of his father. In 1891 he passed his BAR exam and returned to India to pursue a career in Law, however he ended up in South Africa working for African Indians in their fight against equality. He only intended in going to South Africa for one year but ended up staying for twenty. It was these years that shaped his life, religious ideologies, and political thinking. Whilst in South Africa through his works he started to become a house hold name both with South African Indians and British officials, still no more than a successful lawyer, he set up his own news paper in which he could publish his ideas and build up support. It was also during these South African years that he developed his devotement to religion. It was this religion that primarily gave him guidance in his life. He was a staunch vegetarian and would not touch meat even when advised by doctors on medical grounds. His diet consisted of just fruit, nuts, bread and vegetables. He also believed that he could only eat 5 things a day and fasting was important to help bear the pain of the Indian suffering. He was fanatical about cleanliness and in particular sanitation. These beliefs proved to be the bases of his every day life; he led a simple life with no luxuries even when available to him. He read, wrote and prayed every day along with exercise. Later on in his life he developed the need for spinning as a religious act which also featured in his daily routine. Any other matters he performed during his day had to be fitted in around his chores. Although a large majority and indeed most influential years of Gandhis life were spent in South Africa building his ideologies and support it was not until he left Africa and returned to India in 1915 that his fight for Indian nationalism really began. Under the supervision of his mentor Gokhale, Gandhi returned to India a relatively unknown character. Gandhi was advised by Gokhale to, for the time being, keep his ideas to him self and to take time out to travel around India and observe from the outside the political scene. He did this for three years in which although remaining absent from politics still watched attentively the events of the Congress and only became involved after the 1919 Rowlatt bills were rushed through which restricted the civil liberties of the Indian population. These bills came as a shock to most Indians including Gandhi. The Indian National Congress had been working towards giving more liberties to Indians not restricting them. Gandhi used Satyagraha to secure withdrawal from the Rowlatt legislation. He travelled the country trying to implement his pledge to the masses. These tactics of non-co-operation tends to lead to a high degree of respect between adversaries, which ultimately serve as the basis for a settlement of their disputes. Gandhi influenced the people to close their businesses and to fast and pray in protest against the hated legislation. Satyagraha can only succeed if ones rival, no matter how harsh, unjust or imperialist, is also somewhat honourable and is reluctant to use or endorse force or violence'(Brown, J. M. Gandhi prisoner of hope). Gandhi believed this to be true of the British and on the whole was successful with them, as they did not commit massacres. Having said that, the actions following the Rowlatt bills were marred by rioting in Amritsar and two local leaders were arrested. An angry mob that had gathered and demanded for their release rampaged in the streets killing 5 Europeans. Under the orders of General Dyer, troops opened fire into the crowd. Nearly 400 were killed and 1,200 injured. The British set up the Hunter Committee to look into the events of the Amritsar Massacre, but the Indian National Congress boycotted it and set up their own committee which included Gandhi. His non-violent non-co-operation pact had not gone to plan; he publicly condemned both the mob and the British officials for the incident. Gandhi hoped that the government would make amends the wrong caused by a few erratic officers but in fact they were not dealt with at all. Reluctantly Gandhi now concluded that this government was not one that could be worked with and rather than finding a way to work with it, it was now time to end it. Gandhis views on the British Empire may not have changed so rapidly were it not for another part of Indian politics, namely the Khilafat movement. This was the Muslim Indians annoyed about the peace terms Turkey would get from the victorious Allies. Gandhi was fearful that this anger would turn into violent actions against the British, so he agreed that by his terms to lead the Muslim community. Gandhi again implemented non-violent non-co-operation having now support of the Muslims. He called for boycotts of elections, schools and courts. He asked all Indian government officials to resign from their positions which a number few arrested and imprisoned for. This was linked by Muslim no-tax initiatives. In 1922 however Gandhi called for an abrupt end to the non cooperation pact to the surprise of most due to the out break of violence where 22 police officers where killed. Gandhi was arrested and imprisoned for his part for two years. By the time he was released Hindu-Muslim relations had broken down with the new Muslim league formed to rival that of the Indian National Congress. The government of India Act 1919 was essentially the main piece of legislation that changed India. Under section 84 of the said Act, a statutory Commission was to be appointed at the end of ten years to determine the next stage in the realisation of self-rule in India. As a result, the Simon Commission was sent to the sub-continent under the command of Sir John Simon. All members of this commission were British. This was regarded as highly insulting to the Indians and immediate protest was raised from all the important political parties. When the Simon Commission arrived they were greeted by masses of people armed with slogans and chants. All major political parties of India, except for the Shafi League of Punjab, boycotted the Simon Commission. After the failure of the Simon Commission, there was no alternative for the British government but to ask the local people to form a commission themselves. They knew that the two main parties the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League had large differences in opinions. Nonetheless the Secretary of State for India asked them to draw a draft of the Act on which both Hindus and Muslims could agree. The Indian leaders accepted the challenge and for this purpose, the All Parties Conference was held at Delhi in January 1928. More than 100 officials of almost all the parties of the sub-continent gathered and participated in the conference. Unfortunately, the leaders could not agree on much and no conclusion was reached. The second meeting of the All Parties Conference was held two months later in March, but again nothing had changed and no conclusion was reached. The only positive work that came from the conferences was the appointment of two sub-committees, but again due to the differences between the Hindus and the Muslims nothing came from these organisations and no results were achieved. When the All Parties Conference met for a third time in Bombay on May 19 1928, there was hardly any prospect of an agreement following the recent failures. It was then agreed that a small committee should be appointed to work out the details of the constitution. Motilal Nehru headed this committee. This committee consisted of 10 members two of which were Muslim. The committee worked for three months at Allahabad and as a result produced the Nehru Report. This Nehru Report recommended that a declaration of Rights should be inserted in the constitution assuring the fullest liberty of conscience and religion. The Nehru report was rejected due to mainly Muslim opposition, however it did act in semi-unifying the divided Muslim groups against the report, which they considered a Hindu document. Furthermore the Muslims felt that simply rejecting the report was not sufficient so they issued their own set of demands. It was at this stage in Indian History that several Muslim leaders and thinkers first spoke out about the separation of Muslim India. Allama Muhammad Iqbal addresses the All India Muslim League as president at Allahbad in 1930. He proposed that due to the Hindu biased Nehru report and the British neglecting their views through the Simon Commission, the Muslim Indians would be better set by breaking away from Hindu India and chalking out their own territory in the North-West. He defined the Muslims of India as a nation and suggested that there could be no possibility of peace in the country unless and until they were recognised as a nation. In rejection of the Simon Report Gandhi launched his campaign of civil disobedience. This included all of his previously seen tactics such as tax evasion, the boycotting of school and colleges, and the exclusion of local businesses. This time however saw something different from the 1922 non-co-operation pact which was Gandhis objection to the salt tax which he felt was to high so much so that it was too much of a burden on the poor peasants. So in their defensive he embarked on the Salt March. This consisted of him walking with followers from his Ashram all the way to the sea covering a huge 241 miles. The trip lasted 24 days with the party stopping during the night and during the heat of the day only. When they arrived at the sea they collected the water and boiled it to purify the salt content. Upon doing this the British government began arresting those who had violated the law. People were killed and beaten and over 60,000 were imprisoned including Gandhi. The imprisonment of Gandhi was seen not to achieve anything in the wider picture so his release was agreed in 1931. On his release he returned to India new tensions over independence were arising and support for Gandhi experienced a drop, with the Congress seeing him as a failed politician and its view of civil disobedience nothing more than an ambitious but fruitless cause. Gandhi as a result cancelled his failing campaign and withdrew from his leadership of the Congress which was taken up by Nehru. Under Nehru the nationalist cause picked up, but many efforts were fought out between Jinnah the leader of the Muslim League rather than against the British. The mid 1930s saw a huge grow in hostilities between the Muslims and Hindu groups including what is now called the Congress-League war. Partition came to the fore front of Indian Nationalism and the idea of Independence was for the time being left behind. Gandhi made his views about this matter clear; he had no interest in the partition of India and could only see independence as a whole nation. However during this period opinions grew and it seemed unlikely a solution could come other than the emergence of a new Muslim state. In 1939 the talks of independence came back to front Indian politics. The outbreak of war and now taken the British attention away from India. When the viceroy proclaimed Indias involvement in the war outrage was sparked across the country. No British official had consented to Indian support in the conflict, however the Congress saw this as a chance to reach their goal and replied that support would only come after independence. The British rulers talked vaguely about discussions occurring at the end of the war but did not commit to anything at that time. With the congress failing to get a result Gandhi once again returned to lead the Congress and again returned to his policy of non-co-operation but on an individual level. Gandhi made a series of demands to the British threatening wide spread civil disobedience. He started the quit India movement and demanded that the British move leave India, but due to their focus on the World War the British had little time for politics and simply declared congress illegal and once again for the third time in his life Gandhi was arrested and shipped off to prison. His arrest lead to an abundance of support and violent outbursts were experienced all over India. Thousands of people were arrested and killed all over India. The British found it hard to concentrate on the problems in India with such serious issues of their own security happening in Europe. After Gandhis release from prison in 1944 negotiations once again resumed immediately, the governor general proposed the formation of a national government, but these talks broke down due to the congress failure to recognise the Muslim League. Rioting between the groups broke out once again and certain areas were on the brink of civil war. In 1946 Nehru took charge of an interim government with Jinnah abroad only to promote the Muslim desire for a new Muslim state. Mountbatten the governor general announced that the Muslim states would be given elections to determine what they wanted in terms of an all India nation or one split a separate Muslim territory. He also announced that on the 15th August 1947 the British would leave India and it would become an Independent state. So, Gandhis role in this event? Well clearly he was apart of it, he was involved in a lot of key policies and indeed spent most of his life working toward achieving independence. However so had a lot of people, so was it really Gandhi that brought about change. Gandhi arrived on the national scene rather late, and in the first half of his political life he was considerably fond of the British Raj. He enjoyed his education in England and spent a long period of his life in South Africa working towards Indian equality, but he was hardly an anti-imperialist radical or revolutionary. Gandhi was critical of colonial rule but generally his outlook of the British was one of loyalty and this is highlighted through his work and support during World War 1. When he returned to India in 1915 he was a successful lawyer and hard only touched on politics but not in a professional manor. It was not until 1920 that Gandhi became famous for his work in Indian Nationalism, by which time he was 51 years old. This is hardly a good example of a fanatical Nationalist movement figure. Gandhi is consider to be the father of the Indian Nation (J. M. Brown Prisoner of hope) and has become a saintly world figure, but how much of his popularity has come from the aftermath of his death, indeed he was a popular man before but his political career was certainly flawed through out. Mainly problems he came across were not answered with solutions and his political policies all revolved around the same theme of non-co-operation and civil disobedience. Perhaps it was these campaigns that have sh ot him into the limelight as a great saintly figure, but even these in themselves were not much in the development of Indian Nationalism. In my opinion the British would have continued to hold onto India and the rest of its empire for as long as possible, however the outbreak of war brought with it too many problems. They could not afford to put any efforts into maintaining order in India during the war, all their efforts were geared towards the European conflict. It can be argued that Gandhi was responsible for this pressure during that time but I think it was inevitable that India would be returned after the war. Gandhi was a man of his time, he had lots of visions for India and was a deeply religious man. All about him was good and he worked for the good of his nation. However in the question of his role in Indian nationalism, he was not responsible for the emergence of the idea and one could not say it was him who eventually reached the goal. What he did do though was to make the idea and principles reach nation wide, his role in the nationalisation was to spread the word. Ironic considering his religious nature. It can be said he nurtured Indian Nationalism that in that way had a part to play but none the less I think he still retains a little too much credit.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

High Performance Concrete Reinforced with Glass Fibres Essay

High Performance Concrete Reinforced with Glass Fibres - Essay Example In order to achieve performance-related properties specific to performance in HPC, attention should be directed to the combination of performance requirements (such as strength limits and permeability) and prescriptive requirements (such as air content limits or dosage of supplementary cementing material) (Ferraris and Lobo, 1998). Depending on the HPC mixtures examples of HPC include High-early-strength concrete, high-strength concrete, high-durability concrete, self-compacting concrete and reactive-powder concrete. High-Early-Strength Concrete (HESC) High-Early-Strength Concrete (also known as fast-track concrete), achieves its specified strength at an earlier age compared to normal concrete. This earlier age is the time period in which a specified strength should be achieved and may range between a few hours (or even minutes) to several days. Although it can be achieved using traditional concrete ingredients and concreting practices, the production of HESC will sometimes require s pecial materials or techniques. Depending on the age at which the specified strength must be achieved and on job conditions, one or a combination of the following can be used in the production of HESC: type III or He high-early strength cement, high cement content, low water-cementing materials ratio, higher curing temperature, higher freshly mixed concrete temperature, silica fume, chemical admixtures, special rapid hardening cements, insulation to retain heat of hydration, and/or steam and autoclave curing. High-early-strength concrete is used for prestressed concrete to allow for early stressing; precast concrete for rapid production of elements; high-speed cast-in-place construction; rapid form... High-Early-Strength Concrete (also known as fast-track concrete), achieves its specified strength at an earlier age compared to normal concrete. This earlier age is the time period in which a specified strength should be achieved and may range between a few hours (or even minutes) to several days. Although it can be achieved using traditional concrete ingredients and concreting practices, the production of HESC will sometimes require special materials or techniques. Depending on the age at which the specified strength must be achieved and on job conditions, one or a combination of the following can be used in the production of HESC: type III or He high-early strength cement, high cement content, low water-cementing materials ratio, higher curing temperature, higher freshly mixed concrete temperature, silica fume, chemical admixtures, special rapid hardening cements, insulation to retain heat of hydration, and/or steam and autoclave curing. High-early-strength concrete is used for prestressed concrete to allow for early stressing; precast concrete for rapid production of elements; high-speed cast-in-place construction; rapid form reuse; cold-weather construction; rapid repair of pavements to reduce traffic downtime; fast-track paving; and several other uses. In fast-track paving, use of HESC allows traffic to open within a few hours after concrete is placed.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Books and the power point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Books and the power point - Essay Example In comparison to television programs, they pointed out that books give them more inspiration than television programs because the books are almost always there to be referred to. 2. As far as selection pattern is concerned, most respondents stressed that their pattern of selection is based on word of mouth that come in the form of recommendation from other people. This was made up of 60% of the respondents. 20% said he does extensive internet search based on popular search engine results whiles the remaining 20% said pattern of selection was purely academic. This means that apart from books that directly related to his course of study and that were recommended by professors, virtually no other form of pattern of selection of books was done. With the exception of the percentage that does internet search, the remaining respondents stressed that they did selection mostly from the traditional type of library. 3. From the information gathered, it would be said that learning about book titles is not so difficult if done through the internet. This is because the power of the search engines permits that a searcher gets as many reliable and authentic sources to books and magazines as possible as applies to a title being searched (quote). Even with those who do not read from internet sources but from libraries, they can still use the internet to make the searching easier whereby after searching with the internet for book titles, they will go to the library to use the catalog to search for the said books. Generally, it would be seen that some people read more than others based on the accessibility to the kind to book they seek. 4. The publicity of books is indeed a good thing as it widens the scope of knowledge that people have about the existence of particular books. Publicity and advertisement of any form can never be condemned because without it, it would be like trading in the

Monday, November 18, 2019

Snow Days on Campus Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Snow Days on Campus - Article Example I gathered a number of opinions on the impact of snow days in college. Albert, a student at the college, states that days enable them to have more time to spend in bed and watch Television and movies online. He also added that the day off released them from the busy class schedules hence allowing them to relax their minds. Additionally, Fred a student also confirms that on this day, they spend much time ice skating. As a result, students seem to enjoy on these days because they do not attend school and also at home they do not cover up for the time lost. Monica, a worker in the College, claims that snow days actually affect their working schedule because they have to use a lot of time clearing the ice, more so during cold days when the ice melts slowly. She adds that there pay is also affected when they miss working for more than two days as a result of snowing. For that reason, the workers, therefore, suffer during these days more so when it prolongs. Felix, a professor at the College, argues that the snow day deprives the time needed to cover the syllabus comprehensively. This is because one cannot make up for the time lost. Hence, this makes them give students too much information within a short period thus degrading the quality of education. He further argues that most of the concepts taught in college need some concentration and time which when not provided makes it harder for the students to comprehend. Professor Kathleen, who also teaches in the College, comments that she has had a rough time during the snow. She says snow days happening in early semesters cause students to miss the night classes that is a problem since students cannot be told to study by themselves. Since new materials need class time to be processed. She also points out that the school calendar is affected by the snow days.  Ã‚  

Saturday, November 16, 2019

The German Invaded Poland On 1st September 1939 History Essay

The German Invaded Poland On 1st September 1939 History Essay After 27 years when the German invaded Poland on 1st September 1939, it came to a second war. There have an omens show that the expansionist declared in its aims which had simply invaded another. In that time, they believe that the second war will end the war. This is the reason the nations and their leaders allowed another conflict to threaten the planet. The scope of this war was not evident, they intending the war would last for six years and involved more than two hundred countries which caused millions of people to suffers in the war. Besides that, they also believed that this war will affected the lives of three quarters of the worlds population and influences the lives of the majority of the worlds inhabitants to some grade. German move into Poland had been occupied by the rampaging Blitzkrieg techniques within a month. The Battle of Britain was at its height, Hitlers plans to invade England were close to being given the green light, and this awful funk filled many nations hea rt. The World War 2 was fought on the Mediterranean, the Atlantic and the Pacific. Besides that, there are four major land campaigns which were in the Soviet Union, North Africa, the Mediterranean, Western Europe and the Far East. There were no less than 56 countries involved in these World War 2. Most of them were fought out to the bitter and between equally well-trained and well-equipped armies. For our knowledge, the World War 2 was a war that was more cruel, bitter and vast than other war in the history. The war was taking part in vast air, land and sea battles. It turned World War 2 into a global conflict and ended it with the drawn of the nuclear era. World War 2 was a global military conflict lasting from year 1939 to 1945 which had been involved most of the worlds nations. It is including all of the great powers, which was organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. The World War 2 was the most widespread war in the history, with more than 100 millions military personnel mobilised. The major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the services of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. From the year 1939 to 1945, the Germanys military machine struck out and occupy most of the Western Europe, swept into deserts of North Africa and drove deep into the hinterlands of Russia. However, the Allies gathered strength and eventually crushed the Germany Army and Axis powers with a display of brute force that has remained unmatched to this day. In year 1939, Hitler invaded Poland on 1st September. After that, the Britain and France declare a war on Germany two days later. However, on the year 1940, there were a rationing started in the United Kingdom. Besides that, German started Blitzkrieg and succeeds preduce over Belgium, Holland and France. In the same year, the Churchill was became the Prime Minister of Britain. The British Expeditionary Force evacuated from Dunkirk. Hitler has to postpone his invasion plans when the British became the victory in the Battle of Britain. During 1941, the Europe was under Nazi control for the time being, the war was took on more on the global dimension. The gas chambers at Auschwitz were used when the bombing of British and German cities still continued, Hitler invaded Russia. In Hawaii, on 7th December 1941, the Japanese tired of American trade embargoes. They setup a surprise attack on the US Navy base of Pearl Harbor. In January 1942, the first Americans arrived in England, and they began their counter-offensive and snatch up Tobruk in June. The Blitz intensified in both England and Germany, by using the first thousand-bomber air raid on Cologne. Besides, the German was bombed the British cathedral cities. However, the Japanese was still continued their extension into Borneo, Java and Sumatra in the Pacific. In February, there are around 25,000 prisoners of war taken during the unassailable British stronghold of Singapore fell rapidly. During that time, many of them died in Japanese camps in the following year. Be sides that, there was a reversal of German fortunes during the second half of the year. The Montgomery gained was forced the British to voluntary in North Africa at El Alamein, and Russian also forces to counterattacked at Stalingrad. In the February of 1943, the Germany was surrender at Stalingrad. This is because they lose the bell by the Hitlers armies. However, the Battle still continued to frenzy in the Atlantic, and we can saw about 27 merchant vessels sunk by the Germany U-boats one four-day period in March. There was an integration of long-range aircraft and the codebreakers at the Bletchley during that time. In the mid of May 1943, the North Africa were forces by the Germany and Italian to surrendered to the Allies. So, the Allied victory in North Africa be capable of the invasion of Italy to be launched. As a result, there was a prompted to German to invasion into northern Italy. German armies was engaged the Allies in the South, it is to testify the slow and costly through the fight to Italy. At the same year, the Japanese at Guadalcanal was forces to overcame by US, and British and Indian armies began their guerrilla campaign in Burma. The long discussed was always postpones during the opening of the S econd Front in Europe. As a result, it was being prepared for the following year. Come to events of 1944, Japan began its last offensive in China. However, the major cities and lines of communication had limited to their control. Besides that, their resistance which often led by the Communist was widespread. There was a static campaign in central Italy during January 1944. After the allied bombing in February, the Germans counter-attacked and the fighting saw the destruction of the medieval monastery at Monte Cassino. The German retreat from Anzio at the end of May. However, Rome was liberated in June, which was the day before the Allies Operation Overload, now we known as the D-Day landings. As Operation Overload got underway, there are 6,500 vessels landed over 130,000 Allied forces on five Normandy beaches which are codenamed Utah, Omaha, Golf, Juno and Sword. Around 12,000 aircraft guarantee the air superiority for the Allies for bombing defences. However, they were unable to counter-attack with the necessary speed and strength after the landings caught the Ge rman by surprise. Nevertheless, at the end of June 1944, Cherbourg was liberated. Paris followed two months later. By the end of the August, the Russians had taken the Bucharest. Besides, the Estonia was taken just within the months, and the Budapest was under surrounded by the end of the year. In December 1944, around 19,000 Americans was killed by the Battle of the Bulge and delayed the Allies march into the Germany. In the year 1945, the New Year saw the Soviet liberation of Auschwitz, and the revelation of the sickening smuttiness of the Holocaust, its scale became more distinct as more camps were liberated in the following months. The Soviet army continued its offensive from the east in the March, while from the west the Allies determinate a bridge across the Rhine at Remagen. Meanwhile, the western Allies raced the Russians to be the first to Berlin. On 21 April, the Russian won. On 30th April, Hitler was killed himself, where two days after Mussolini had been captured and hanged by Italian partisans. While on 7 May, the Germany surrendered with term less. However, in the Pacific, it had continued to bile throughout this time. In the February, the Americans had inroad into Iwo Jima. Besides that, the Philippines and Okinawa string along with and Japanese forces to began withdraw from China. The Allied planned to invade Japan, but fears of fierce resistance and massive casualties prompted Harr y Truman. The new American president agrees the use of an atomic bomb to combat Japan. Since 1942, the atomic bomb had been in development. During 6 August, one of the bomb was fallen on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. After three days, there was another which fallen on Nagasaki. There had no other country that could withstand by such attacks, finally the Japanese surrendered on 14 August. The World War 2 was the biggest conflict in the history that had lasted almost six years. Around 100 million people had been militarised, and almost 50 million had been killed. For those who had died, 15 million of them were soldiers, and 20 million of them were Russian civilians. Besides, there were six million were Jews and over four million were poles. Timeline for World War 2: wwii%20timeline%20copy.jpg Chronology of World War 2: 1937 Japan begins undeclared war on China March 1938 Germany annexes Australia to the German Reich 29 September 1938 Chamberlain, Daladier, Mussolini, and Hitler meet at Munich conference May 1939 Pact of Steel: military alliences between Italy and Germany 1939 Non-Aggression Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union 1 september 1939 Fermany attacks Poland 3 september 1939 Great Britian and France declare war on Germany April 1940 germany attacks Denmark and Norway May 1940 Germany invades the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France June 1940 Italy enters the war on the side of Germany 17 June 1940 French Marshal Petain petitions Germany for an armistice and creates a collaborationist government at Vichy September 1940 Japan, Germany and Italy sign Tripartite pact September- November 1940 The Battle of Britain 22 June 1941 Germany invades the Soviet Union 1941 First extermination camp created in Chelmno, Poland 7 December 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, the following day, the United States declared war on Japan 11 December 1941 Germany declares war on the United Stated January 1942 Wannsee Conference, where the Final Solution is planned June 1942 Italian government withdraws from the war April 1943 unsuccessful uprising in the warsaw ghetto November 1943 Churchill, Rooservelt, and Stalin meet at Teheran conference 6 June 1944 Allied forces land in nonthern France D-Day February 1945 Churchill, Rooservelt, and Stalin meet at Yalta March 1945 American forces march into Germany 30 April 1945 Hitler commits suicide July and August 1945 Churchill, Truman, and Stalin meet at Potsdam 6 August 1945 United States drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima 2 September 1945 Japan surrenders Nazi Germany: Nazi Germany or known as Third Reich, is the common name for Germany while govern by Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist Germany Workers Party (NSDAP) during 1933 to 1945. Nazi Germany is at the bottom of in the wake of the national shame, embarrassment, anger and resentment which resulting from the Treaty of Versailles. Nazi Germany had two official names which are known as the Deutsches Reich (German Reich), from 1933 to 1943 and Großdeutsches Reich (Greater German Reich). Germany was started the development into Greater Germany during the World War 2, which began in 1939 after Germany invaded Poland, jump-start the United Kingdom and France to declare a war on Germany. During the war, the Germany was subjugated and occupied most at Europe and Northern Africa. Besides, the Nazis persecuted and murdered millions of Jews and other minorities in the Holocaust Final Solution. Hitler was learned that the Soviet Union able to sign a non-aggression pact with Germany and would support an attack on Poland. As a result, Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. After 2 days, the United Kingdom and Italy was declared a war on Germany. World War 2 was underway, but Poland fell quickly, especially after the Soviets attacked Poland on 17 September. In May 1940, Hitler ordered an attack on France through the Low Countries. The Battle of France ended with an overwhelming German victory. However, the British was refused Hitlers offer of peace, as a result, the war was continued. Germany and Britain was continued their fight at sea and in the air. Nevertheless, on 24 August, the two off-course German bombers was accidentally bombed London against Hitlers orders, it was the reason for changing the course of the war. In response to the attack, the British bombed Berlin, this was the reason which sent Hitler into a bile. Hitler hoped to break British morale and win peace. However, the British refused to back down. Germany and its allies invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941. On the eve of the invasion, Hitler was formed a deputy which was known as Rudolf Hess, the reason of forming this deputy was attempted to negotiate terms of peace with the United Kingdom in an unofficial private meeting after crash-landing in Scotland. On 11 December 1941, four days after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, Nazi Germany was declared a war on the United States. This was not only a chance for Germany to strengthen its ties with Japan, but after months of anti-German hysteria in the American media and Lend-Lease aid to Britain, the leaking of Rainbow Five and the foreboding content of Franklin Delano Roosevelts Pearl Harbor speech made it clear to Hitler that the US could not be kept neutral. Germanys policy of ease up towards the US was designed to keep the US out of the war, but actually it was a burden to Germanys war effort. Germany had refrained from attacking American convoys, even if they were bound for the United Kingdom or the Soviet Union. By contrast, after Germany declared war on the US, the German navy began to unrestricted submarine warfare, by using U-Boats to attack ships without warning. The goal of Germanys navy, the Kriegsmarine, was to cut off Britains supply line. Under these instances, one of the most famous naval battles in history was took place, which was known as the German battleship  Bismarck. It was Germanys largest and most powerful warship, which attempting to break out into the Atlantic and raid supply ships heading for Britain. German U-Boats were more successful than surface raiders like Bismarck. However, Germany failed to make submarine production a top priority early on and by the time it did, the British and their allies were developing the technology and strategies to neutralize it. The Allied victory in the Battle of the Atlantic was achieved at a huge cost. Between the year 1939 and 1945, there were 3,500 Allied ships were sunk (gross tonnage 14.5 million) at a cost of 783 German U-Boats. On 30 April 1945, as the Battle for Berlin anger and the city was being overrun by Soviet forces, Hitler committed suicide in his underground bunker. After two days which was on 2 May 1945, German General Helmuth Weidling unconditionally surrendered Berlin to the Soviet General Vasily Chuikov. At the same time, the Hitler was succeeded by Grand Admiral Karl Dà ¶nitz as Reichs President and Dr. Joseph Goebbels as Reich Chancellor. There was no one that can be replace Hitler as the Fà ¼hrer, which was a position that Hitler abrogated in his will. However, the Goebbels committed were suicide in the Fà ¼hrerbunker a day after assuming office. The World War 2 was the largest and most demolish in human history, there were around 60 million dead across the world, which including almost 9 to 11 million people who perished during the Holocaust. The Soviet Union was lost around 27 million people during the war, almost half of them all were World War II casualties. Towards the end of the war, Europe had more than 40 million refugees, the European economy had collapsed, and 70% of the European industrial infrastructure was destroyed. Impact of World War II: Seclusion from the wars demolished, the most of the Americans predict that the World War 2 would shape their tomorrow. The war was physically undamaged and excitated the economically of the United States. Compared to other countries, the United State was loss around 400,000 uniformed personnel in the warface. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had given the United State few signals about what they need to expect, and voice them their broad desire due to the uncertain, secretive and exhausted by the war. Herein, most of the Americans viewed the wars impact as rising ruggedly during the antagonize. The postwar economy attracted worry and hope, nourished by the discourager and by give publicity to promise an economic reward for the wartime victimization. The hope lastly met because of the partly from the G.I Bill. Besides, some of them predict the wars result for the social relations. The World War 2 was destroyed the existing racial system by reaching federal power into the Jim Craw South. Besides, it also inoculates with the aspirations and tactics of the African Americans, and also rebuilds the national priorities. For those who want to wield power overseas and imitate the claim of defending freedom, the leaders need to increase to find out the racial differentiate as an anachronism that squandered resources, said by A. Philip Randolph. The war was rewrote the systems of the gender and the sexuality in more complicated ways. There was a guerdon for both male virtue and womens redound. Traditional family was contrivance during the wartime. The term was used to the damaged of many women and homosexuals. However, there had something in common even thought they were differences on their fortunes and social groups. Their fate was shaped by the Americas global power. After the war of World War 2, it impacts the war into a blurry future. The cold war had given permanence to temporary wartime improvisations in the national governance. Actually the World War 2 alone will not make anything happen, but it can be known as a set of the stage for it to happen. Costs, Casualties and Other Data: World War 2 diffuses death and destroys that we never seen before. We can just generally summarize the loss of life that occurs in the World War 2. World War 2 was unusual for the first time in the history. The numbers of civilians were killed greater than soldiers. In estimation, there were around 30,000,000 soldiers died in the World War 2. However, there were around 50,000,000 civilians that killed during the world war. WorldWarII-DeathsByCountry-Barchart.png Based on the cart above, we can see that the highest percentage that killed in the war was the Allied civilians which were 58%. The second ranks for the deaths were the Allied military, which were in the percentage of 25%. The deaths in the Axis were lock-in the least. The Axis military were 13% while the Axis civilians were only 4%. As we can realise, the worst in the total deaths (1945) were from the Poland based on the percentage of population (1939) in the Allies. However, for the Axis, the worst in the total deaths (1945) were from the Germany based on the percentage of population (1939). There were more than 18 million people been killed in the Poland during the World War II. Nevertheless, they were more than 10 million people killed in the Germany during the war. Military Casualties Those from United States, Great Britain, and the Commonwealth nations, their documents are most accurate and meaningful figures for the battle casualties. Those for other nations, Allied or Axis, the results are different in reliability. However, the Chinese figures are largely estimate because there are lacks of documentation. We can see the most accurate figures from the table that been provided. As we can see from the Table 1, the services that provide by the United States Armed Forces are army, navy, marine corps and coast guard. This table was shown the numbers of people that involve in casualties in World War 2. The total strength for the United Forces is 16,353,659. The total battle death is 292,131 while total deaths from other causes are 115.187. For those who in wounds, the total casualties are 671,801 and the total for captured or missing are around 139,709. Besides, Table 2 showed the figure of armed forces peak strength and battle deaths of the principle Allied Power. The nations that involved in the allied power was Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, France, Greece, India, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, USSR, Union of South Africa, United Kingdom, United States, and Yugoslavia. The particular of the number can be view from the Table 2. As an example, the peak strength for Australia is 680,000 while the battle deaths are 23,365. However, the table 3 showed about the figure of armed forces peak strength and battle deaths of the Axis Power. The nations that contain in the axis power are Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, and Romania. As an example, the peak strength for Bulgaria is 450,000 while the battle deaths are 10,000. There was a limited number of the casualties occurred in the battle deaths after the Bulgaria joined the allies. The meaning of total strength was the total numbers of personnel that belonging to the armed forces during the entire war. However, the peak strength is the greatest strength that reached at any one time during the World War 2. By using different methods to calculated the casualties will have different results. So, different reputable reference sometime will show us slightly different figures. Civilian Casualties As we know, the casualties among the civilian will be more less accurate compared to military casualties. We cannot avoid this because many of the civilian will escaped and run to another place before invaded armies or the consecutive air attacks on the major industrial centers. Some of them were sent to Germany or the Soviet for forced labour. The civilian casualties were caused by aircraft bombs, V-1(flying bombs), V-2, and artillery fire in United Kingdom. The total of numbers that been killed in the World War 2 was 60,595 while the numbers that in seriously injured was 86,182. As a result, the total civilian casualties in the London area were around 146,777 peoples. Killed Seriously injured Total Aircraft bombs 51,509 61,423 112,932 V-1 (flying bombs) 6,184 17,981 24,165 V-2 2,754 6,523 9,277 Artillery fire 148 255 403 Total 60,595 86,182 146,777 Industrial Conversion and War Production At the end, the winner goes to the Allied Powers technological Superiority. The technology superior of the allied power inclusive the ability to raise, arm, equip, move and supply superior forces all over the world. Other than that, they also able to broke up and destroyed the technological recourses of the Axis Nations. The United Stated was the one who provided with the raw materials, skilled manpower, and industrial that made their victory possible. However, they need lots of budget to serve their technology superior. As we can see from Table 4, we able to know the United States budget expenditures from year 1940 up to year 1945. All the figures are illustrated in Billions of dollar. The defense expenditures that included were war department, navy department, and other department. Beside the defense expenditures, the United State also provides nondefense expenditures in their budget expenditures. The total defense expenditures for 1940 were $1.9 billion while the nondefense expend itures were $5.3 billion. As we can see from the Table 4, the total defense expenditures and nondefense expenditures were keep on increasing until year 1944. The range were around $89($90.9 $1.9) for total defense expenditures, while range around $91.9($97.2 $5.3) for total nondefense expenditures. Lastly, the total defense expenditures were decrease to $59.8 at the year 1945. Other than that, the total nondefense expenditures also decrease to $66 at the same year. Data Table 1UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES TOTAL STRENGTH AND CASUALTIES IN WORLD WAR II, DEC. 7, 1941-DEC. 31, 1946 Service Total strength Battle deaths- -Deaths from Wounds(1) Captured or missing other causes Army(2) 11,260,000 234,874 83,400 565,861 135,524 Navy 4,183,466 36,950 25,664 37,778 2,429 Marine Corps 669,100 19,733 4,778 67,207 1,756 Coast Guard 241,093 574 1,345 955 - Total 16,353,659 292,131 115,187 671,801 139,709 (1) Not mortal. (2) Includes Army Air Forces. Table 2ARMED FORCES PEAK STRENGTHS AND BATTLE DEATHS OF THE PRINCIPAL ALLIED POWERS Nation Peak strength Battle deaths Australia 680,000 23,365 Belgium 650,000 7,760 Canada 780,000 37,476 China 5,000,000 2,200,000(1) Denmark 25,000 3,006(2) France 5,000,000 210,671 Greece 414,000 73,700(2) India 2,150,000 24,338 Netherlands 410,000 6,238 New Zealand 157,000 10,033 Norway 45,000 1,000 Poland 1,000,000 320,000 USSR 12,500,000 7,500,000 Union of South Africa 140,000 6,840 United Kingdom 5,120,000 244,723 United States 12,300,000 292,131 Yugoslavia 500,000 410,000(2) (1) Casualties beginning with the Japanese invasion in 1937.(2) Most of these casualties were suffered in guerrilla warfare that followed German occupation of the country. In the case of Denmark they include more than 1,200 merchant sailors in the service of the Allied powers. Table 3ARMED FORCES PEAK STRENGTHS AND BATTLE DEATHS OF THE AXIS POWERS Nation Peak strength Battle deaths Bulgaria 450,000 10,000(1) Finland 250,000 82,000 Germany 10,200,000 3,500,000 Hungary 350,000 140,000 Italy 3,750,000 77,494(2) Japan 6,095,000 1,219,000 Romania 600,000 300,000(1) (1) A limited number of these casualties occurred after the country joined the Allies.(2) Of these, 17,494 were killed after Italy became a cobelligerent with the Allies. Table 4UNITED STATES BUDGET EXPENDITURES, JULY 1, 1940-AUG. 31, 1945 (Billions of dollars) Expenditures 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Defense expenditures: War Department $0.9 $ 7.3 $29.5 $46.5 $49.2 $34.0 Navy Department 0.9 4.2 14.0 24.6 29.6 19.4 Other departments 0.1 2.7 8.9 14.1 12.1 6.4 Total 1.9 14.2 52.4 85.2 90.9 59.8 Nondefense expenditures 3.4 6.0 5.4 5.0 6.3 6.2 Total $5.3 $20.2 $57.8 $90.2 $97.2 $66.0 John R. Elting Colonel, United States Army United States Military Academy Continuing impact of World War II: Even thought World War 2 have been passed long time ago, but the shadow of the impact were still remains observable. The World War 2 was generated a mythology that became in-depth in the popular culture. In US, they set up the American flag on Iwo Jima. Besides, they also build up the portrait of Germany Jewish girl Anne Frank. This is to memorial recognizes the nations sacrifice in the war. Meantime, they assumed that the idea of victim and perpetrator was a fresh circumstance. There was a lot of discussion about the Comfort Women. This term are known as the sex slaves of Japanese Soldiers during the war-time. Besides, there was a lot of debated on the impact of the strategic bombing on the civilians in Germany and Japan. In German and Japan, it found out that there were still have other categories of victims among the forced labor force. Besides, the Soviet Union concentration camps also had been found out in the same problems. The popular view of the war which are the sense of right and wrong has become blurred. The most secular heritage of the war has been the memory of the Holocaust in the West. This is the only single element of the war that attracted greater attention. The museums devotional the Holocaust and to Jewish history have been founded within the last two decades in Washington, Berlin, London, and other cities. The historical image if Adolf Hitler was still keeps alive in the memory of the Holocaust. The World War 2 had comprised of many different wars and all of the wars have their own causes. However, it is the most terrible war, and it also still remains the most ferly and notable legacy of the 1940s which was unleashed by Hitler against the Jewish people. It is the most furious and murderous decade of the modern times.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Essay examples --

OBSERVATIONS/EXPERIENCES Mapro Foods Pvt. Ltd Mapro Foods is committed to its production process of various products such as fruit jams, fruit concentrates etc. with high regard for nutrition and taste. Mapro was the pioneer of fruit-based confectionery in India with its success over five decades of becoming market leader of western India in its industry. Also it has magnificently led the socio-economic progress of Gureghar region. The indigenous product: ‘Faleros’ have secured a strong position in the market. Also a glorious national flag being set-up on the company ground made the processing unit splendid. Also their shop where one can taste the product before buying it. Amul An Indian dairy co-operative based at Anand, Gujarat. Its model is of three levels which include dairy cooperative societies at the village level federated under a milk union at the district level and a federation of member unions at the state level. At the Pune unit, we saw processing and packaging of milk. Only milk and curd are the products which are dispatched from here. Also mostly women work during daytime to boost cleanliness as well as hygiene. A proper automatized plant set up where least manpower is used with optimum used of technology. Shetty Chemicals and Engineering works Pvt Ltd. Shetty Chemical & Engg works Pvt Ltd is engaged in the business of manufacturing and selling claimed and fused Alumina products like Refractories. They have gained almost 50 years’ experience in manufacturing this product of best Quality. It is company with good team but poor infrastructure as well as lack of organized way of doing work. The warehouse and the production unit being at the same place led to dumping of raw materials and finished products. The higher mana... ...s with measure of safety, quality as well as professionalism. Their wide portfolios have allowed them to be associated with leading OEM customers. FIEM has become a supplier not only in India but also in Europe and USA. The experience to visit this company showed us the professionalism prevailing in corporates as well as the technologies used in R & D department. Ethics Art and Design Bharti Khandelwal, a women entrepreneur who explained her journey of becoming successful on her seven pillars. Her ‘Can Go’ attitude and how to manage work with things available was inspiring. She being more than 4 years into this work explained how she got the privilege to work with country’s best designers, labels, corporate, & brands. Her experiential journey understandings, reason behind company’s name as well as the belief of being worker of our own business was quite perceptive.